the capital city and chief port of Argentina, in the eastern central part of the country, on the Plata River; population 3,042,600 (est. 2008).

Montevideo is the capital and largest city of Uruguay. According to the 2011 census, the city proper has a population of 1,319,108 (about one-third of the country's total population) in an area of 201 square kilometres (78 sq mi). The southernmost capital city in the Americas, Montevideo is situated on the southern coast of the country, on the northeastern bank of the Río de la Plata.

The city was established in 1724 by a Spanish soldier, Bruno Mauricio de Zabala, as a strategic move amidst the Spanish-Portuguese dispute over the platine region. It was also under brief British rule in 1807. Montevideo is the seat of the administrative headquarters of Mercosur and ALADI, Latin America’s leading trade blocs, a position that entailed comparisons to the role of Brussels in Europe.

Rio de Janeiro is the second-most populous municipality in Brazil and the sixth-most populous in the Americas. The metropolis is anchor to the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, the second-most populous metropolitan area in Brazil and sixth-most populous in the Americas. Rio de Janeiro is the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil's third-most populous state. Part of the city has been designated as a World Heritage Site, named "Rio de Janeiro: CariocaLandscapes between the Mountain and the Sea", by UNESCO on 1 July 2012 as a Cultural Landscape.

Founded in 1565 by the Portuguese, the city was initially the seat of the Captaincy of Rio de Janeiro, a domain of the Portuguese Empire. Later, in 1763, it became the capital of the State of Brazil, a state of the Portuguese Empire. In 1808, when the Portuguese Royal Court transferred itself from Portugal to Brazil, Rio de Janeiro became the chosen seat of the court of Queen Maria I of Portugal, who subsequently, in 1815, under the leadership of her son, the Prince Regent, and future King João VI of Portugal, raised Brazil to the dignity of a kingdom, within the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and Algarves. Rio stayed the capital of the pluricontinental Lusitanian monarchy until 1822, when the War of Brazilian Independence began. This is one of the few instances in history that the capital of a colonising country officially shifted to a city in one of its colonies. Rio de Janeiro subsequently served as the capital of the independent monarchy, the Empire of Brazil, until 1889, and then the capital of a republican Brazil until 1960 when the capital was transferred to Brasília.

Ilheus – serce brazylijskiego regionu kakao. Ilheus, położony na wybrzeżu stanu Bahia, to barwne miasto z bogatą historią, słynące jako centrum przemysłu kakao w Brazylii. Zostało założone w 1534 roku i stało się ważnym węzłem ekonomicznym i kulturalnym regionu w XIX i XX wieku. Miasto otoczone jest tropikalnymi lasami i długimi piaszczystymi plażami, co tworzy unikalne połączenie natury i historii. Architektura z okresu kolonialnego, w tym kościół św. Sebastiana i stare rezydencje baronów kakao, nadaje Ilheus szczególny urok.

Ilheus jest także znane jako ojczyzna Jorge Amado, jednego z najbardziej znanych brazylijskich pisarzy, który uwiecznił miasto w swoich powieściach. W muzeum Casa de Jorge Amado można poznać więcej o jego życiu i literaturze, ściśle związanej z historią miasta. Turyści przyjeżdżają do Ilheus, aby cieszyć się nie tylko plażami, ale także kulturą regionu – od tradycyjnej kuchni po festiwale. W pobliżu znajduje się rezerwat Una, gdzie można zobaczyć rzadkie gatunki zwierząt, w tym zagrożone złote tamaryny.

Salvador is the capital of Bahia state and was formerly the first capital of Brazil. Salvador is known for its endless number of churches, as well as for being a land of majestic fortresses. After visiting these places, it is also worth taking a look at the Chapada Diamantina National Park – the most interesting natural park in Brazil. In Salvador, there reigns an atmosphere of joy, revelry, and holidays – this is due to the fact that the local population was influenced by Africa. In Salvador, you can always admire the natural beauty of this area. You will be enchanted by the sensuality of this land, and you will be able to discover a piece of its mysterious power.

Fortaleza is the capital of the state of Ceará, which is located in the northeast of Brazil. Translated from Portuguese, "Fortaleza" means "fortress." As the fifth-largest city in Brazil, it is also considered one of the most important cities in the region. Visiting Fortaleza, you can admire many famous buildings, such as the José de Alencar Theater, the Fortaleza Cathedral, the Palácio da Luz, and many other fascinating places. Like all cities in Brazil, Fortaleza delights its guests with a special energy and cheerfulness.

Madeira, officially the Autonomous Region of Madeira, is one of the two autonomous regions of Portugal (along with the Azores). It is an archipelago situated in the north Atlantic Ocean, southwest of Portugal. Its total population was estimated in 2011 at 267,785. The capital of Madeira is Funchal, which is located on the main island's south coast.

The archipelago is just under 400 kilometres (250 mi) north of Tenerife, Canary Islands. Bermuda and Madeira, a few time zones apart, are the only land in the Atlantic on the 32nd parallel north. It includes the islands of Madeira, Porto Santo, and the Desertas, administered together with the separate archipelago of the Savage Islands. The region has political and administrative autonomy through the Administrative Political Statue of the Autonomous Region of Madeiraprovided for in the Portuguese Constitution. The autonomous region is an integral part of the European Union as an outermost region.